INDONESIA COUNTRY UPDATE REPORT
1 Current and planned collection of agricultural statistics
1.1 Current collection
In Indonesia,
collection of agricultural statistics has been a high priority in terms of
statistical development. The priority is due to a significant contribution of
agricultural sector to Indonesian economy. In 2009, agricultural sector
contributed as much as 15.29% to the GDP (at current price) and it is
considered as the big two after the sectors manufacturing industry. Another
important fact is, in several provinces, agriculture is still the most dominant
sector in regional GDP (GRDP). It means agricultural sector is very important
in either national or regional economy. In addition, agricultural sector could
create the highest job opportunities. National Labour Survey 2008 reveals that
around 38.52 percent (38.36 million people) of the total 15 years of age and
over who worked (111.95 million people) in 2008, worked in agricultural sector.
In order to provide up to date and accurate data on
agricultural statistics, BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been collecting some
essential agricultural indicators through its agricultural surveys and
censuses. Indicators covered in the surveys and censuses are ranged from number
of people and enterprises involve in agricultural activities, production,
consumption, trade, cost structures, socio-economic and farmer welfare, land
utilization, prices, and so forth. The agricultural surveys and censuses cover
data collection on food crop, estate crop, livestock, forestry, and fishery
statistics. Some are summarized bellows:
|
Statistics/ Indicators
|
Coverage/
Scope
|
Periodicity of Data Collection
|
Available Time Series
|
|
Volume
of Food Crops Production
|
National
|
Quarterly
|
1998
to 2009
|
|
Volume
of Vegetables and Fruit Crops Production
|
National
|
Monthly
for seasonal vegetables and fruits; Quarterly for annual vegetables and
fruits
|
1998
to 2009
|
|
Volume
of Medicinal and Ornamental Plants Production
|
15
Province
|
Quarterly
|
1998
to 2009
|
|
Volume
of Estate Crops Production
|
National
|
Monthly
|
1998
to 2009
|
|
Stock
of Estate Crops Production
|
National
|
Monthly
|
1998
to 2009
|
|
Volume
of Fishery Production
|
National
|
Quarterly
|
1989
to 2006
|
|
Value
of Animal Slaughtered Production
|
National
|
Quarterly
|
1989
to 2006
|
|
Number
of Animal Slaughtered and Meat Production
|
National
|
Quarterly
|
1989
to 2006
|
|
Number
of Livestock
|
National
|
Annually
|
1989
to 2009
|
|
Number
of Agricultural Machinery
|
National
|
Annually
|
1990
to 2008
|
|
Land
Use:
Area
of Wetland; Area of Dry land
|
National
|
Annually
|
1998
to 2008
|
1.2 Current and Planned Surveys
Addressing the demand, three surveys will be
conducted: first, Paddy Field Mapping Survey by
Ministry of Agriculture (2010);
second, Beef Cattle Census 2010 by Directorate General of Livestock Ministry of Agriculture; third Carcass Survey for
Ruminat Animals by
Directorate General of Livestock Ministry of Agriculture, fourth Cattle Identification and
Registration System by
Directorate General of Livestock Ministry of Agriculture, and fifth, the
fishery survey for the preparation of producing Fishery Terms of Trade Index,
in collaboration with Department of Marine and Fishery.
- 2010 Population Census
According to the 2000
Population Census the population of Indonesia
was 205.1 millions people in June 2000; out of these 121 millions or about 60
percent live on the island of Java, the most densely populated island in Indonesia. Indonesia is the fourth largest country in the
world in terms of their population following China,
India and the United States.
Based on this census the population density of Indonesia in 2000 was 103 people
per square kilometer.
During the 2010 Population
Census it is estimated that the population of Indonesia would be around 234.2
millions people who lives in about 65 millions households. The field
enumeration will require approximately 600,000 enumerators who would have
undertaken three days training before hand. The enumerators are also required
to know the enumeration areas assigned to them very well; it is therefore
desirable that the enumerators selected live in or very near the area of their
assignment.
The 2010 Population Census
questionnaire contains about 40 questions related to information on housing
conditions and facilities of the living quarters, as well as infornation
regarding the household and individual characteristics. The census
questionnaires are presently being developed taking into considerations of the
relevant United Nations recommendations as well as the suitability of the items
collected to meet local conditons.
The peak of the census
operations will be during the month of May 2010 where field enumeration will be
taking place simultaneously overall the geographical area of Indonesia. On
31st of May 2000, final checking will be carried out simultaneously for any
recent changes of the household composition due to vital events that have
occured during the month of May in the household including births, deaths and
movement of the members as well as canvasing the homeless and nomadic
population. 31 May will be designated as the Census Date of the 2010 Population
Census of Indonesia.
The 2010 Population census
has been designed to meet various data needs, including as
1.
the basis for updating
population data bases up to the lowest level of administrative unit
(desa/kelurahan);
2.
valuable input in monitoring
the progress for achieving the millenium development goals (MDG);
3.
the basis for preparing small
area statistics;
4.
basis for preparing population
projection;
5.
the basic data in developing
sampling frame for various surveys conducted between 2010 -2020;
6.
the basis for developing
population registers and population administration sytem.
- Paddy Field Mapping Survey (Ministry of Agriculture, 2010-2014)
The survey
that will be conducted in July-December 2010 is
designed to create
detail map of paddy field using high-resolution satelite image. The survey will produce basic map of paddy
field that can be used for rice production estimation more accurately.
- Beef Cattle Population Census (Ministry of Agriculture, 2010)
This census is conducted to collect complete cattle information such as population, cattle composition either by sex or age. The
census will be done in all provinces and all districts.
c.
Carcass Survey for Ruminat
Animals (Ministry of Agriculture 2010)
The objectives of this survey is to
obtain information on: carcass weight, carcass conversion to live weight,
carcass conversion to meat, and edible offal to carcass.
d.
Fishery Statistics 2010
As an archipelagic Country fishery data are very
important for the economic indicator in Indonesia. In 2009, BPS made
collaboration with the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries for making
survey on Fisherman Exchange Number and re-counting data on Fish Processing and
Marketing, based on the data from Economic Census 2006.
Beside those data, MMAF conducted survey for
Fisheries Data 2009 on production, number of vessels, and area of aquaculture,
number of fisherman and fish farmers, fisherman household, fish consumption,
etc.
c.1 Fisherman Exchange Number
The purpose of conducting this survey is
to get indicator related with the welfare of fisherman and fish farmers, to be combined with the income and Human
Development Index at coastal area. This comparison between spending and income,
conducted monthly throughout The Country.
c.2 Fish Processing and Marketing Data
Before 2009, the economic data on
Fisheries mostly are on capture
fisheries and aquaculture. This study was doing by BPS collaboration with MMAF
to adopt result of Economic Census 2006 related with date on fish processing
and marketing. The data including the number of fish processing units, number
of labours, production and facilities.
c.3 Fisheries Statistics
Other than The Fisherman Exchange Number and the fish processing and marketing data, the data are collected by
MMAF through the local officials,
such as production, number of fisherman, fisherman household, number of
vessels, area of aquaculture. However for some data are collected from other
institutions, such as export and import data are supplied by The Ministry of
Commerce.
2 Main Characteristics of The Agricultural Statistical System
For the main characteristics of the agricultural statistical system please
refer to the attached updated matrix.
3 Recent Changes in The Statistical Organization Relating to food and Agriculture
The national
statistical system in Indonesia
is centralized, but accommodate the
Socio-economic
indicators needed in the decentralization era. Under the system, BPS (Badan
Pusat Statistik)-Statistics Indonesia, hereafter called as BPS, has been
appointed as the main agency to compile statistics in a very wide area of
interests, such as agriculture, social, economics and culture, to meet the need
of the government and public. The Director General of BPS is directly under and
responsible to the President. The legal basis of BPS activities, including for
conducting agricultural censuses and surveys, was stated in:
Law No. 16 (1997) –
covers the activities of statistics.
Government Regulation
No. 51 (1999) – deals with the implementation of statistics.
President Decree No. 3
(2002) jo President Decree No. 103 (2003) – about position task, function and
organization of Non-Departmental Government Institutions.
Since March 2008, BPS-Statistics Indonesia has
been reorganized. In the new organization structure, Deputy Directorate General
for Economic Statistics is divided into two deputies. Deputy Directorate
General for Distribution Statistics and Deputy Directorate General for
Production Statistics. Mainly, agricultural statistics, especially production
statistics, are conducted under the Deputy Directorate General for Production
Statistics. Directorate of Agricultural statistics is split into two
directorates as well; Directorate of Food Crops, Horticulture, and Estate Crops
Statistics and Directorate of Livestock, Fishery, and Forestry Statistics.
Furthermore, the Directorate of Food Crops, Horticulture, and Estate Crops
Statistics is divided into three sub directorates as follows:
a. Sub Directorate of Food Crops Statistics
b. Sub Directorate of Horticulture Statistics
c. Sub Directorate of Estate Crops Statistics.
Whilst the Directorate of Livestock, Fishery,
and Forestry Statistics is divided into three sub directorates as follows:
a. Sub Directorate of Livestock Statistics
b. Sub Directorate of Fishery Statistics
c. Sub Directorate of Forestry Statistics.
Contact person for each directorates and sub
directorates are listed below:
·
Directorate
of Food Crops, Horticulture, and Estate Crops Statistics
Ardief Achmad (e-mail: ardief@mailhost.bps.go.id)
· Sub Directorate of Food Crops
Statistics:
Jainun Lumban Gaol
(e-mail: jainun@mailhost.bps.go.id)
· Sub Directorate of Horticulture
Statistics:
Sri Sayekti (e-mail: sayekti@mailhost.bps.go.id)
· Sub Directorate of Estate Crops
Statistics:
Rita Setiyawati (e-mail:
rita@mailhost.bps.go.id)
·
Directorate
of Livestock-Fishery-Forestry Statistics
Bambang Heru (e-mail: bambangh@mailhost.bps.go.id)
· Sub Directorate of Livestock
Statistics:
Hasnizar
Nasution (e-mail: lay@mailhost.bps.go.id)
· Sub Directorate of Fishery
Statistics:
Sigit Purnomo
(e-mail: sigit@mailhost.bps.go.id)
· Sub Directorate of Forestry
Statistics:
Sri Wiyadi (e-mail: sriwi@mailhost.bps.go.id)
3 Availability Statistics on Farmer’s Income
Farmer welfare improvement has been a priority
in economic development in the country. One key in improving farmer quality of
life is optimal price at farmer level that provides an optimal profit either to
farmer as the producers and the whole people in the country as the
consumers. In order to develop
appropriate and effective plan in farmer welfare improvement, reliable and up
to date information on social economic condition of farm household and
production cost structure are very important. Complete information on cost
structures provides reliable foundation in determining the optimum price. In
order to fulfil the requirement, BPS-Statistics Indonesia has conducted a farm
income survey in 2004 (SPP04), as part of Agricultural Census 2003.
The Farm Income Survey was conducted in order to
gain accurate and up to date information on the agricultural household income
as well as the income structure by sub sector. The data is urgent and essential
to evaluate the development progress that has been planned and implemented by
the government. Finally, the evaluation result will be used in further
development planning especially the development of agricultural household
welfare.
Farmer income survey (SPP04) was implemented
with some goals as follows
a. Acquisition of agricultural household income as
well as the income structure by sub sector.
b.Acquisition of data of land occupation,
utilization, conversion, and mutation.
c. Acquisition of data of socio-economic condition
of agricultural households.
Farmer Income Survey 2004 was conducted in June
2004 in all provinces in Indonesia.
Nationally, the total sample was 357,770 agricultural households or around 1.42
percent of the total agricultural households. The survey produced some core
indicators such as demography, farmer’s level of education, main income source,
socio-economic, capital, and constraints.
4 Recent Innovative Activity
a.
Cattle Identification and
Registration System (Ministry of Agriculture, 2010-2012)
The development of cattle
identification and registration systems is aimed to provide a way of monitoring
the dynamic and structure of population every year. The system will be develop starting this
year, and with this system every cattle should be registered and given an
identification using barcode, so that it can be identified easily. The identification card will contain country
code, province code, district code, race of cattle, id nunumber, owner id, date
of birth, sex, medical history, etc.
b.
National Survey of
Livestock and Marine/Fishery Terms of Trade
As shown in the
Indonesia’s GDP, the contribution on value-added of agricultural sector is
expected still to be significant high. However, the lab our occupation in this sector still relatively higher than
that, or the productivity is low. On another hand, the opposite trend is showed
in secondary and tertiary sectors. As a result, more agricultural statistic
indicators should be created to fulfil adequate analysis. The National Survey
of Livestock and Marine/Fishery Terms of Trade are aimed to address the issue.
5 Structure of the Statistical System, Institution, and Responsibilities
As mention in 2, BPS
is a Non-Departmental Government Institution under the directives of and
directly responsible to the President. Under the head-office in Jakarta, there are 33 BPS
Provinces, and there are some Regional/Municipalities in each province. Up to 2010, there are 33
provincial offices and 497 Regency/Municipalities offices. On the other hand, in line
with decentralization era, the number of regency/municipality government grew
has been growing rapidly.
6 Funding Source of the Different Institution Dealing With
Agricultural
Statistics
6.1 National
Main source of fund to
support agricultural statistics is supplied by central government budget via APBN
(Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Negara) or National Budget that can be
divided into two kinds. First, budget from APBN straight come to BPS budget,
and the budget from APBN via other government institutions. In this case, other
government institution, as users, asks a statistical indicator or data and BPS
does surveys in account of those institution budgets.
6.2 External
Sometime there is budget from international organization,
but not significant in terms of amount and frequency.
7 Availability of Agricultural Statistics Database
The availability of agricultural statistics database may be more than to produce the publication as shown at table above. However, some of them still spread in the database at other government institutions. That is why, some collaboration among government institutions are needed through budget sharing.
Ministry of Agriculture also has a database for agricultural data, which
is published through http://database.deptan.go.id/bdsp
8 Adoptions of Information Technology and Internet Access
BPS has started to
expanse of applying some features of information technology in terms of
statistical activities. However, some constraints remain exist. As an
archipelago country, needed a huge investment for information technology
investment, and this is need continuously development. The number of provincial
and regency offices make the network of technological information cannot be
developed instantly.
MOA has also started
to expanse of applying such information technology mentioned above to
accelerate the statistical report from provincial and regency offices by
using E-Form.
9 Current Disseminations Strategies of Agricultural Statistics
Current dissemination of agricultural statistics still
applying the combination strategies, traditionally and via BPS website.
Traditionally strategies are dissemination direct to the user, government
institution and public using hard-copy publication (some of them also using
media CD = compact disk). Periodically, BPS also make press conference for
several statistics, including agricultural statistics. Finally, BPS also
disseminates the statistical data via website: http://www.bps.go.id.
MOA also published a Statistical Book periodically and
disseminates the statistical data via website: http://www.deptan.go.id.
Fishery statistics
also can be reach at the
http://www.dkp.go.id
